Car-driver cooperation in future vehicles

The two main research branches in intelligent vehicles field are Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) [1] and autonomous driving [2]. ADAS generally work on predefined enviroment and limited scenarios such as highway driving, low speed driving, night driving etc. In such situations this systems have sufficiently high performance and the main features that allow their large diffusion and that have enabled commercialization in this years are the low cost, the small size and the easy integration into the vehicle. Autonomous vehicle, on the other hand, should be ready to work over all-scenarios, all-terrain and all-wheather conditions, but nowadays autonomous vehicle are used in protected and structured enviroments or military applications [3], [4]. Generally many differences between ADAS and autonomous vehicles, both hardware and software features, are related on cost and integration: ADAS are embedded into vehicles and might be low cost; on the other hand usually are not heavy limitations on cost and integration related to autonomous vehicles. Obviosly, the main difference is the presence/absence of the driver. Otherwise, most of the undelying ideas are shared, such as perception, planning, actuation needed in this kind of systems.